Secondary Essays: Simply Not Fun

I've been getting a ton of questions about secondary essays. As many of you know, I'm not a fan of the entire secondary application requirement. (See my piece, "The Medical School Admissions Process is Falling Short.") Having said that, most pre-med candidates will have to complete several – if not many – secondary essays and do so on an expedited timeline. 

Secondary essay prompts vary, but there are a few that are standard fare, and one of the most important is "Why do you want to attend our school?" 

Medical school admissions officers want to be assured you know their institution, are seriously considering it, and will fit in well. In approaching the "why-our-school" question, do your research on the institution and link something specific about you with the school's philosophy, curriculum, patient population, and/or extracurricular programs.

For example, if you were a physics teaching assistant in college, you might link your use of the Socratic method with a school's tutorial-based learning. In that way, you demonstrate knowledge of the school, show you connect well with it, and showcase your distinctive accomplishment.  

The paradox here is that - although you're focusing your essay on one school - because so many institutions have overlapping philosophies, curricula, programs, and objectives - you can oftentimes use the same framework for many different institutions. That's one strategic way to cut down the overwhelming workload that secondary applications present.  As you craft your essay, it's key, however, to know and leverage the names of institution-specific programs like student-run clinics, summer travel scholarships, and/or primary care tracks, for example.

Two Important Updates for Medical Students

1) Future residency applicants, the USMLE recently announced a significant change to the Step exam calendar - moving from near continuous availability to limited testing dates starting in 2028. There will only be a 45-day window to test. USMLE posits that this change will improve the integrity of the exams. They say they will expand the number of testing centers to mitigate fewer exam dates.

Of note, this will make strategic timing around clerkships, the application season, and the Match more difficult for students.

2) For IMGs applying to residency this year, please note that ERAS tokens are now available through the Intealth portal. If you are applying through ResidencyCAS instead of ERAS (obstetrics and gynecology, emergency medicine), you do not need an ERAS token.

Pregnancy During Residency: An Impossible Feat?

The AAMC recently published a piece by Beth Howard on residency programs looking to support female residents during and immediately after pregnancy. The article highlights research that demonstrates that trainees who become pregnant during residency or fellowship have an elevated risk of miscarriage, preterm birth, and other pregnancy-related complications compared to the general population.

Starting in 2022, the ACGME mandated at least six weeks of paid parental leave for residents (without causing adverse effects on board eligibility), and last year an ACGME task force published recommendations, including the elimination of overnight calls and 24+- hour shifts in the third trimester, among other supportive policies.

Interestingly, according to a Massachusetts General Hospital randomized trial, instituting a specific pregnancy supportive intervention for trainees kept the burnout curve flat versus a significant burnout increase in the control group. The study points out that the cost of the intervention ($2300) was less than the estimated price of burnout per employee ($7600).

Here's the AAMC news article for more details. 

Get Reliable Post Baccalaureate Program Information

For those applicants seeking post baccalaureate guidance, I highly recommend the AAMC database. On the left panel you can filter by public or private, undergraduate or graduate, and special focus. For the latter, distinguishing whether you need a career changer or academic record enhancer program is critical.

For each individual program, you can search whether the curriculum awards a certificate of completion or a master's degree, affiliations like linkage programs, and, importantly, length of time to complete the program (from one year to 24 months).

Here's some additional information from the AAMC regarding post baccalaureate programs – what to look for, how the curriculum prepares students for medical school, etc. 

Your AMCAS/ AACOMAS Is In. What Should You Do Now?

Once your AMCAS/AACOMAS is submitted, take a deep breath, relax for a few days, and then start thinking about your secondary essays. 

You can look online to see last year's prompts and maximum character counts. While there's no guarantee the prompts will be the same from year to year, the majority of the time they are for an individual school. Here's a brief blog entry on a common secondary prompt: "Why Our School?"

Also, once the AMCAS/AACOMAS is in, take a moment to do some soul searching about what you're seeking geographically, philosophically, and educationally. You want to make considered decisions when the time comes.

Finally, you can start practicing for your interviews. Here's information on my mock interview services.

White Coat Investor Student Scholarship 2026 Applications - Now Open

Each year the White Coat Investor (WCI) offers a scholarship opportunity to students enrolled in full-time US professional schools. This year's application opened June 1, and the deadline is August 31. Students must be in good academic standing in eligible professional schools, including medical, dental, law, podiatry, pharmacy, physician assistant, nurse practitioner, and veterinarian, among others. WCI's stated goal of the scholarship is to reduce winning students' indebtedness and to promote financial literacy in professional schools.

The lion's share of the application is an 800 to 1200 word essay. There are 10 grand prize winners. Here's more information.

The Ins and Outs of Choosing a Specialty: The Generalist vs. The Early Committer

I find it frustrating that we tell students to approach medical school with an open mind but then reward those who demonstrate commitment to a field early. 

If you're a pre-med or a medical student in your first or second year, check out this piece I wrote with my colleague David Presser MD MPH called "Choosing a Specialty: The Generalist vs. The Early Committer." 

The case for deciding early is evidence-based, especially for highly competitive fields, but early commitment has real risks too. In the article, read practical advice for effectively approaching a decision about your field.

Ten AMCAS Mistakes You Absolutely Want to Avoid

May 28 (the date AMCAS application verification begins) is only three days away, so as you're completing your final review of your written materials, here's a quick and dirty list of AMCAS Work and Activities section errors to avoid at all costs:

1. Don't write to write, and don't fill to the maximum character count unless necessary. While you want to include many strong achievements, you do not want your AMCAS to be so wordy that your reader is tempted to skim.

2. While you need to be brief, don't write in phrases; use full sentences. It’s a formal application, and you want to make your written materials as readable as possible.

3. Don't assume your reader will carefully study the "header" section (including the title of the activity, hours, etc.). Make sure your descriptor could stand alone: Instead of "As an assistant, I conducted experiments..." use "As a research assistant at a Stanford Medical School neuroscience lab, I conducted experiments..."

4. Don't be vague or trite. Make sure you spell out your accomplishments clearly and substantively. If your reader doesn’t understand an activity, you will not get “full credit” for what you’ve done. Make no assumptions.

5. Avoid abbreviations. Again, you want to be formal, and abbreviations you think are common might not be familiar to the reader.

6. Write about yourself and your role – not an organization. For example, don’t use the space to discuss Doctors without Borders. Use it to discuss the specifics of your role at Doctors without Borders.

7. Avoid generalities and consider using numbers to be persuasive. Saying that the conference you organized had 300 participants says it all.

8. Don't merge the descriptors with the most meaningful paragraphs because they are separate sections: You can complete descriptors for up to 15 activities with up to 700 characters each plus up to three most meaningful paragraphs of up to 1325 characters each.

9. Unless your PI won the Nobel, avoid using supervisors' and/or doctors' names in your descriptors as they will be meaningless to the majority of your readers.

10. Choose the right category for each activity, so you get "full credit."

Bonus: Get help. Do not submit your medical school application without having it reviewed by someone with experience. 

Check Out Key Match Dates and Two Safeguarding Policies for Applicants

Recently, the NRMP hosted a webinar called, "Introduction to the 2027 Main Residency Match®." There are two categories of take away points:

1) Key dates relevant for applicants:

September 15 — Applicant and medical school registration opens
September 23 — Applications available via ERAS and ResidencyCAS (OB/GYN and Emergency Medicine use ResidencyCAS)
February 1 — Ranking opens
March 3 — Rank Order List certification deadline
March 15–19 — Match Week and SOAP
March 19 — Match Day

2) Two policies particularly notable for applicants:

First, residency programs can't extend more invitations than available slots and must give applicants at least 48 hours to respond.
Second, programs can't ask applicants about their ranking plans, request preference signals, or solicit commitments to rank.

Here's the webinar link.

Check out these Useful AMCAS Links

I mentioned in the last couple of blog entries the great utility of the AAMC webinar on April 14 called “Navigating the 2027 AMCAS Application Cycle for Applicants,” and I summarized some of the most important points.

One of the additional benefits of the session was a listing of useful online resources. I collected them and have listed them below. Enjoy!

AMCAS Application Resources

• 2027 AMCAS Applicant Guide
• 2027 AMCAS Application Workbook
• Application and Acceptance Protocols for Applicants
• AMCAS Tools and Tutorials
• AMCAS Main Program Page / Resources Hub
• AMCAS Help Resources / @AMCASinfo

MCAT and PREview

• MCAT
• PREview