Which Specialties Have the Biggest Gender Gaps During Residency? You Will and Won't be Surprised.

The AMA recently published a short piece based on 2022-23 data culled from their National Graduate Medical Education Census: They evaluated which medical specialties were most popular among male and female candidates who were entering residency. They then extrapolated as to which specialties are going to be increasingly female- versus male-dominated.

Female-dominated specialties included obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics/psychiatry/child and adolescent psychiatry (combined), pediatrics, allergy and immunology, public health and general preventive medicine, and dermatology.

I wasn't surprised that pediatrics or obstetrics and gynecology were female-dominated, but I found it interesting that dermatology - which is so well remunerated - has more women residents than male residents. Historically, women were relegated to lower paying fields.

Male-dominated specialties included orthopedic surgery, interventional radiology, neurological surgery, diagnostic radiology, and urology.

The AMA reports that specialties that offered a near equal balance of men and women in residency included neurology, general surgery, and psychiatry. Again, as someone who trained in the late 1990s, it's a joy to hear that general surgery is now a well-balanced field in terms of gender. On the whole, when the AMA included specialties, subspecialties, and combined specialties, they report that women account for 48.2% of trainees.

For more details, you can check out the AMA piece here.

There's a New and Improved ERAS Fee Structure on its Way

The AAMC recently announced an updated fee structure for the next ERAS cycle with the goal of lowering total application costs and simplifying the current cost framework, which has been criticized for its complexity. In theory, the change should be an improvement for this year's applicants.

Essentially, residency candidates will pay $11 per application for up to 30 and $30 per application for 31+. Of note, the structure restarts for any new specialty. So if you plan to apply to two, your costs will be higher.

The AAMC estimates most applicants will see discounts of up to 36%.

The old system was triple tiered. You can see it here. Of note, as I previously blogged about, this year the AAMC will also expand their Fee Assistance Program to include some residency applicants, a first.

You can see the new ERAS fee structure in graphic form here.

Make Sure to Read the Fine Print

Many years ago a medical school applicant told me the following story:

The student sent follow up notes to all schools where he had interviewed, usually a strategic move. However, he was very upset to receive a brusque note from one of the institutions telling him that a) he should have read their policies; they do not allow post-interview contact and b) he was rejected from the school.

I found the school's note extremely severe – almost cruel – and I strongly suspect the post-interview contact was not related to his rejection. (As an aside, he successfully and happily matriculated at another school.) But this story is a reminder that it's important to read institutions' policies about post-interview and post-waitlist contact. Most places welcome written updates, but make sure to confirm before you reach out.

Consider Ten Ways to Improve your Medical School Application

New Year's resolutions are notoriously hard to realize. But there are smart tips for executing them, including making sure goals are specific and truly achievable within a reasonable time frame. That's why starting early on your medical school candidacy is important. The beginning of the year is a great time for pre-meds to redouble their efforts toward their academic and professional goals. 

As always, I recommend a very focused approach that allows you to do more of what you want and less of what you don't. Think research will help your candidacy but don't like being in the lab? Consider public health or clinical investigations. Think volunteerism will bolster your application but don't like being one of a crowd in a group project? Select a setting that allows you to work independently: Several of my clients have chosen to volunteer on a crisis line – from home.

There are definitely necessary elements to any robust medical school candidacy (clinical experience, strong grades, a reasonable MCAT score), but being a pre-med can also be fun, mind-broadening, and career-affirming.

Here's a piece I wrote for Student Doctor Network showcasing ten ways to improve your medical school application. The idea is to give you direction but also leeway to be a happy applicant - not just a strong one.

Diversity in Medical School?

The AAMC recently published a piece about racial, socioeconomic, and gender diversity in 2023-4 medical school classes. The good news is that there's some more representation of those from Latino and Native American backgrounds. 

African-American student enrollment remained mostly stable.

Women matriculants rose slightly to 56.6%. Economic diversity was still a problem. See the article here for details.

Interestingly, those who entered medical school in 2023-4 had a median undergraduate GPA of 3.84, which was even higher than in previous years.